In that exhabition, I choose the car as my object. Unquestionable, the intention of car gives people a great change and impaction. The early cars invent and became a great tools which people rode instead of walk.
In 1878, a German engineer named Nikolaus Otto built a new kind of engine. The internal combustion engine didn't need a separate, heavy boiler to burn fuel, as the steam engine did. It burned the fuel inside the engine itself. In 1887, the inventor Karl Benz showed a vehicle using the new engine in Germany. The "Motorwagen" could go eight miles an hour and seat two people. http://www.transitpeople.org/lesson/car.htm#two, 2000-2001 He wants design a kind of faster engine . In order to offer motive force with various kinds of means of transportation of the sky ,on land , water. In july of 1886, Karl Benz was driving his three wheels motor car at first time. The car is a metal pipe framework. Beautiful and light and handy, it is a car not needing horses to draw that it is far above, it is the first real automobile in the world. Cars which made by him can only have by rich poeple. Until 1908, Americans Henry Ford used a new technology to creat a new style car which he named “T” cars. Each part produced in different workshops sent the main conveyor belt operated in succession to have with accurate time, finish last assembling and only taking 93 minutes. It makes the automobile cheaper to produce, therefore the sales volume is heightened, an automobile is not any more nobles' patent. http://www.most.gov.cn/kxjspj/gzkp/200702/t20070201_40596.htm
Before the First World War breaks out , the automobile becomes lower and longer on the appearance. In the fifties of the 20th century, the whole structure replaced the frame structure, some parts of the automobile body were designed and supported the structure, in this way the engine and chassis can connect with automobile body directly . From that time, hundreds and thousands of automobiles have all adopted this kind of manufacture method.
The popular era of the automobile began, it brought the brand-new challenge, the security of the automobile driver became one of the important subjects of the respect of designing. The newest security design is a gasbag. When the accident happens, it will be sprung in order to protect the front stall passenger in the twinkling of an eye. Just as ABS system preventing the wheel from blocking while braking, the design of the gasbag must rely on the modern electronic system . The electronic system still arranges the purification of the waste gas in the vapour purifying device controlling the catalysis type, and the combustion process in the engine , so as to ensure the operation as pollution-free as possible.
Main structure of the car can be divided into seven different parts such as the body of car, engine, Transmission system, gearshift box, turning system, Brake system. Beside of of those main seven parts. Car still nearly needed 10,000 parts to combine together. Although various kinds ofcars are different in accordance with functions and have different appearances, their main structure is similar.
The body of car : It is the outer cover of the automobile, looking somewhat like crab's shell by the metal case that the stencil plate cast, and its function protects the part and driver's life security within the automobile like crab's shelly function , and stand headlight , indicator , rain brushing , rear-view mirror ,etc. functions of different enclosures, and the one that can increase automobile appearance is beautiful . Engine : it is kind of like the heart of people and the soul of car. Ebgine is a source of the car power, can be divided into a petrol engine and diesel oil engine in accordance with the fuel that its used; Depend on its operation principle, can sort out as four stroke engines and two stroke engines . The automobile can have holding nature, such as loading the functions of people and article, but this is not a function of an engine ; An engine accelerates being regarded as very important nature with the torsion too. Transmission system: It is the device conducting to the power that the engine produces the wheel. Engine when turning round, one that is via engine piston suit work up from head to foot, spread out of motive force, in order to rotate the bent axle; The bent axle rotated is joined with ' the drive shaft with the clutch , the gearbox , pass to the torsion to the shaft but rotate the wheel. Clutch : Controlled by the clutch pedal on the bridge , make bent axle and drive shaft joint or separate, in order to change shelf change speed. Gearshift box : By the gearshift lever control on the bridge, consist of several gear wheels, control the ratio rotated the speed and rotating the torsion (the drive shaft is rotated in order to drive the strength of the wheel ) between the axle and drive shaft. Automobile usually have four advance shelf and one fall back shelf. When the car starts, needs greater torsion, so usually by one (strength is the greatest, the speed is the slowest) start; Because the faster the speed is, the less the necessary torsion is, so with the increase of the speed, it changed two shelves , three shelves and changed four shelves by one that gradually (strength has been minimum , the fastest). Drive a vehicle room , must according to speed or slope of road surface , change the shelf at any time. Turning system: Controlled by the indicator on the bridge . When the steering wheel turns right, drive the front wheel to turn right, the car while advancing follows right and turns too; The same, when the steering wheel turns left, the car turns on the left. Brake system: Use the principle of rubing and achieve the purpose of the brake; Can be divided into a handbrake and foot brake. The handbrake is used to start the butterfly type brake device of the front wheel, the car preventing forbidding slips; The foot brake starts a brake of drum of the rear wheel (or starts four brakes at the same time ), make the car while going moderate or stop.
As a result of the technology has been developed constantly. Cars began to many different purpose. For example public transportation, The car begins to be used in differnt development of society such as transportation, public transport, architecture etc. Autally car has been making very great contribution to the development of the world. makes human mobility have great improvement, make the human vision widen further in the 20th century, pursue freedom even more. Certainly, the development of the auto industry has brought the road network and tied up the questions , such as land resource , air pollution and high fare ,etc. too, but in any case, cars really brings people to a better world.
Reference:
http://www.transitpeople.org/lesson/car.htm#two, 2000-2001
http://www.most.gov.cn/kxjspj/gzkp/200702/t20070201_40596.htm
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